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How is the COVID-19 Virus Detected using Real Time RT-PCR? – IAEA

Real time RT-PCR is a nuclear-derived method for detecting the presence of specific genetic material from any pathogen, including a virus. Originally, the method used radioactive isotope markers to detect targeted genetic materials, but subsequent refining has led to the replacement of the isotopic labelling with special markers, most frequently fluorescent dyes. With this technique, scientists can see the results almost immediately while the process is still ongoing; conventional RT-PCR only provides results at the end.

While real time RT-PCR is now the most widely used method for detecting coronaviruses, many countries still need support in setting up and using the technique.

https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/news/how-is-the-covid-19-virus-detected-using-real-time-rt-pcr

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Stability issues of RT-PCR testing of SARS-CoV-2 for hospitalized patients clinically diagnosed with COVID-19.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32219885

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Disease Mitigation Measures in the Control of Pandemic Influenza – The Center for Biosecurity (2006)

The threat of an influenza pandemic has alarmed countries around the globe and given rise to an intense interest in disease mitigation measures. This article reviews what is known about the effectiveness and practical feasibility of a range of actions that might be taken in attempts to lessen the number of cases and deaths resulting from an influenza pandemic. The article also discusses potential adverse second- and third-order effects of mitigation actions that decision makers must take into account. Finally, the article summarizes the authors’ judgments of the likely effectiveness and likely adverse consequences of the range of disease mitigation measures and suggests priorities and practical actions to be taken.

http://www.upmc-biosecurity.org/website/resources/publications/2006/2006-09-15-diseasemitigationcontrolpandemicflu.html

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Fatality of COVID-19 in Wuhan was lower than seasonal flu – medRxiv

Fatality of COVID-19 in Wuhan was only 0.04% to 0.12%, lower than seasonal flu, which has a mortality rate of about 0.1%.

Early epidemiological assessment of the transmission potential and virulence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan City: China, January-February, 2020:

https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.02.12.20022434v2

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SARS-CoV-2: fear versus data

“The mortality rate for SARS-CoV-2 is not significantly different from that for common coronaviruses identified at the study hospital in France”.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0924857920300972

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COVID-19 is no longer considered a high consequence infectious disease – Public Health England

Public Health England Status of COVID-19

https://www.gov.uk/guidance/high-consequence-infectious-diseases-hcid#status-of-covid-19

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Charts showing COVID-19 death in proportion with flu deaths

InProportion2 chart updated 9th April 2020
InProportion2 updated 9th April 2020

Visit source website at http://inproportion2.talkigy.com/

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Office for National Statistics Deaths registered weekly in England and Wales

https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/bulletins/deathsregisteredweeklyinenglandandwalesprovisional/weekending20march2020

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Covid-19: four fifths of cases are asymptomatic, China figures indicate – The BMJ

https://www.bmj.com/content/369/bmj.m1375

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Significant levels of herd immunity in the UK – Professor of Theoretical Epidemiology at the University of Oxford – medRxiv

https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.03.24.20042291v1

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Diamond Princess 48% test-positive cases remained completely symptom-free – National Institute of Infectious Diseases Japan

https://www.niid.go.jp/niid/en/2019-ncov-e/9407-covid-dp-fe-01.html

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Investigating influenza mortality in Italy (2013/14–2016/17 seasons)

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971219303285

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Studies show 6% death rates from common cold in risk groups – NIH

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2095096/

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COVID-19 STRATEGIC PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE PROGRAM AND PROPOSED 25 PROJECTS UNDER PHASE 1 – The World Bank

The World Bank’s COVID-19 Strategic Preparedness and Response Program (SPRP) was set to run from 2020 – 2025.

On March 3, 2020, the Board of Executive Directors endorsed the World Bank Group (WBG) to take urgent action supporting client countries’ response to the COVID-19 pandemic.

http://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/993371585947965984/pdf/World-COVID-19-Strategic-Preparedness-and-Response-Project.pdf

Archived link: https://archive.today/2021.12.28-212011/https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/993371585947965984/pdf/World-COVID-19-Strategic-Preparedness-and-Response-Project.pdf